World Waterborne Ink Research, Application and Development Review

As early as the 1960s, people started the research and application of water-based inks. Due to environmental protection requirements and the shortage of petroleum raw materials, some developed countries have gradually restricted the use of petroleum products to make printing inks. As a result, people began to study non-organic solvent inks, which made water-based ink has made great progress and development. The initial water-based inks mainly use dextrin, shellac, casein, and sodium natrium as the connecting materials for water-based inks. The prepared water-based inks are mainly used for the printing of some low-grade products.

By the end of the 1960s, with the development of materials science, the synthetic technology of rosin and maleic acid modified resins succeeded, replacing casein, shellac and other materials, becoming the main material of water-based inks, and basically able to meet the printing needs at that time. However, these primary products still have some drawbacks, such as poor gloss, poor water resistance, poor adhesion, poor foaming, and poor storage stability. Later, people called the water-based ink produced at this stage the first-generation product.

By the 1970s, due to the oil crisis, raw materials for inks were once again very tense. At the same time, various developed countries have legislation to control air quality and limit the emission of organic volatiles (VOC) to the atmosphere. They have strict requirements on sanitary conditions such as food, beverages and pharmacology. Packaging and printing products are limited by their heavy metal content, residual solvents, and the like. Ink research and development personnel from various countries continued to conduct in-depth research to produce a solution-based styrene-acrylic copolymer resin as the second generation of water-based ink binder. This product makes up for the lack of water-resistance and poor storage stability of the first-generation water-based inks, but there is still a gap between glossiness and printability and solvent-based inks. To this end, ink developers based on the second generation of water-based inks, the polymerization of acrylic monomers and styrene, developed a polymer emulsion resin with core-shell structure and network structure. This series of resins has greatly improved the glossiness and dryness of inks, promoted the development of water-based inks, and allowed water-based inks to continuously expand in competition with solvent-based inks. Water-based ink has entered a new period of development.

China's water-based ink was first produced in Tianjin ink, which was mainly gravure printing service. Since the gravure printing ink was improved from a benzene solvent to a gasoline-based solvent at the time, although the toxicity was lower than that of the benzene ink, the flammability was not improved. Therefore, it has been proposed to improve gravure printing inks into non-toxic non-flammable water-based inks, then called water concave ink. Since the ink is based on rosin acid amine salt as the main binder, and the binder is not stable in an aqueous medium, therefore, the ink is easily lost in the storage of light, ethylene, dry, poor water resistance, easy to cause paper Contracting and other drawbacks. This has caused China's gravure printing and flexographic printing to be restricted and has to adopt imported high-grade water-based inks. Due to the high price of imported ink, the printing cost was virtually increased, which limited the development of the printing industry in China.

At the end of 2003, Wuhan Modern Industrial Technology Research Institute developed a series of water-based ink products that are non-toxic, non-irritant, non-corrosive, non-flammable, non-explosive, and safe to use. The new ink series can be widely used in gold, silver cardboard, coated paper, white paper, corrugated paper, self-adhesive paper, cartons, paper bags and books and magazines. In early 2004, Shanghai Meide Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. recently launched a full-water low-temperature thermosetting ink. The formaldehyde content of the product is less than 15ppm, in line with the environmental protection requirements of Japan and Germany textile printing and dyeing. MD-1002 water-based low-temperature thermosetting ink has a very good hiding power, fine texture, over 250 mesh screen, no blocking network, easy operation, ink color can be any of their own deployment. The ink is odorless and is a high quality, environmentally friendly product. Since the past plastisol inks must be baked at high temperatures, they often cause discoloration and deformation of the fabric. This all-hydraulic low-temperature thermosetting ink completely avoids the above phenomenon. Generally, the heat treatment of the finished product can be baked at 120 degrees like ordinary paste printing, and it can be 1 minute to 2 minutes. The Qum ink has excellent stretchability to the knitted fabric, and the washing speed and the friction fastness of the knitted fabric are up to 4 grades, and the protection period in the sealed cool place can reach 5 years. Its biggest advantage is to save electricity costs, which greatly reduces production costs. This product is widely used in all kinds of fabrics such as cotton, chemical fiber, etc., except waterproof nylon cloth.

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