Data management defects are the main reason for ERP failure
It has become a fact that the success rate of enterprise informatization is too low. Discussions on why various ERP failures have occurred frequently. Most of the attention has been focused on enterprise processes and management issues, but it has overlooked the process of enterprise ERP implementation. Technically, it is also an important cause of ERP failure ... In the domestic ERP implementation circle, there is a saying: "Enterprises that successfully implement ERP have similar basic conditions, but the reasons for the failure of ERP implementation are different." Throughout the domestic enterprises that failed to implement the ERP system, combined with the core management ideas of ERP, the reasons for the failure of the domestic enterprises to implement the ERP system can be divided into the reasons for project management and the reasons for technical management. The reason for project management is either that the core business process of the enterprise is unreasonable and that the system is not fully optimized when it is implemented, and only the existing functional modules of the ERP supplier are applied; or the lack of system control during the project implementation process Furthermore, some business leaders only view the ERP system as a general information system, underestimating the difficulty of implementing the system, resulting in insufficient coordination during the implementation process, and subsequent investment cannot keep up. In fact, in the process of implementing ERP system, there is still a huge technical management problem, that is, the enterprise fails to effectively manage the basic data, which is an important reason for the failure of the enterprise ERP implementation. Data management flaws As we all know, the reason why ERP can help enterprises to carry out efficient management must be based on the access, storage and analysis of a large number of comprehensive, accurate and real-time enterprise data. In order to reduce costs and customers' doubts, some ERP vendors now downplay the optimization of the enterprise's basic data structure, and basically ignore the rectification of the company's existing business data, just from the existing scattered and chaotic enterprises The data in the data source is called to cater to the data input module of its products, which ultimately leads to serious flaws in the basic data processing of the enterprise. First of all, before enterprises implement ERP, they did not adjust their basic data in a timely manner, which laid a hidden danger for the subsequent disorder of system data management. Generally, there are the following three aspects of the front-end data operation problem: (1) The data input is not standardized, and different members of the same department have different data input formats, resulting in non-single data. (2) The data operation authority is chaotic, so there are many data sources, and the same business is assigned differently in different departments. (3) Some business of the enterprise itself is not standardized, and business data is not formed in time, resulting in incomplete data in the system. Secondly, because ERP involves financial, sales, and production data, the data structure is complex, and the data sources come from different secondary departments. For companies with a certain development history, a relatively stable, And each characteristic second-level unit database. Due to the lack of data channels between various departments, the back-end database of each secondary unit has become an "information island." If this problem is not solved well when implementing the ERP system, the basic data of the enterprise cannot be integrated. Three tricks Combining the above-mentioned problems existing in the implementation of ERP in domestic enterprises, the author believes that a series of adjustments and management can be made around the basic data of the enterprise, mainly including the following three measures. Rectify the information flow Guided by modern enterprise management and using information management technology as a tool, rectify the existing information flow of the enterprise, including adjusting the functional modules of the enterprise and optimizing the business process of the enterprise. Before the ERP project is launched, we must fully understand the information flow of the enterprise, start with the rights structure of the enterprise, analyze the reasons that seriously affect data input, data generation, or data management. On the basis of adjusting the enterprise function module, we need to optimize the enterprise business. Process. Building a data management model Now many second-level units of large enterprises have established relatively stable business subsystems, and at the same time have their own database structure. However, due to the lack of information channels between various departments, "information islands" have been formed. The implementation of ERP is to solve the problem of how to balance the benefits and costs, and integrate the information of each business subsystem. Of course, all reconstruction may achieve the best data integration, but the cost is huge; comprehensive inclusion will also cause too many data platforms, and the data format is too scattered to meet the basic requirements of the ERP system. Therefore, the most important work is to carefully examine the existing data structure of each business subsystem, consider its data scale, the structure of the database itself, and the advantages and disadvantages of the interface design to determine which ones can be used unchanged or with little change. At the same time, the source of various types of data should be clearly specified, to ensure that certain data has a definite data source, and to clear the overlapping areas of data management among various departments, so that an integrated data management model of ERP can be established. Standardize data operations Taking the comprehensive data management mode as the standard, the data entry format and data management authority of each business subsystem are regulated in detail. This is like building a house, first setting up the shelves and then building the walls. In software development, it is also equivalent to predefining the entity connection and then determining the data table relationship, which is a gradual refinement process. For the construction of ERP, on the basis of the comprehensive data management model, it is necessary to use the general data management principles to restrict the data entry, modification, storage and recall of various business subsystems, and further reduce the data redundancy. In data maintenance, there must be a function to track changes in important data.
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