OPTON's Microcosm Phase 9 Ant World
Preface Ants can be seen everywhere in our daily life. In the grass on the roadside, in the woods and even in the room, ants can be seen in pairs, busy and ignorant. For most of the 80-year-old friends who are entering the middle age, there must be an accompaniment of ants in childhood. Watering in the ant hole, destroying the ant's lair or quietly observing the ants to carry food back and forth, etc. Childhood life adds endless fun. In the process, I don't know if you noticed the characteristics of ants' behavior. For example, if you walk around, you will shake your head and shake your head. If you put your finger in front of it, it will crawl along your fingers instead of going around. . What is the cause of the behavioral characteristics of the ant? Today, Xiaobian will take everyone to see the world of ants~ First, the choice of ant samples Xiaobian and his friends caught a few hardworking and lively ants in the grass outside the lab, and then placed them in an EP tube filled with alcohol. In less than 2 minutes, the ants curled up and drunk. Remove the drunken ants, blot the alcohol with filter paper, and then stick the ants to the sample pile with conductive glue. Second, ants under scanning electron microscopy Using the low vacuum mode of the Zeiss EVO MA series, we observed many ants. It can be seen that although the size is different, the structure is similar. It consists of three parts: head, chest and abdomen. The head has two antennae. The eyes are on both sides of the skull and there are two curved teeth underneath. There are 6 legs, each consisting of four sections of different thickness, while the body has a lot of pilose on the surface. Next, Xiaobian will lead you to carefully observe the functional parts of the ants - eyes and tentacles ~ Third, the ant's eyes under the scanning electron microscope Zooming in on the eye, we can see that it is a compound eye consisting of a large number of monoculars, and its surface contains some slender fluff, called sensory hair. For male and female ants, the length of the inductive hair is different. The male ant's induction hair is relatively short, about 17-25μm, while the female ant's induction hair is about 17-90μm. Based on this, we can distinguish between female and male ants. Unfortunately, Xiaobian captures this. The ants are male. Although the ant's compound eye is composed of a large number of monocular eyes, the ant's field of view is only 3 degrees, and the visual acuity is only one tenth of the average human visual acuity. The reason is that the human eye is growing in the head, but the ant's eyes are placed in the protruding part of the head by nature, and can hardly move, somewhat similar to the lights. So for ants, when facing an object, there is only face-to-face or blindness. But if the object is still, its eyes still receive no stimuli, so this explains why ants will run to the body without purpose when we are still standing for a long time. Fourth, the antenna of the ant under the scanning electron microscope After reading the eyes and how to distinguish between male and female, next, Xiaobian led everyone to explore the antenna of the ant. Everyone should have observed that the ant walks like a blind person, and the tentacles are equivalent to the bamboo rafts in the hands of the blind. Every step of the way, like a blind person, use the tentacles to strike the ground constantly to explore the road ahead. In addition to the tactile effect of the ant's tentacles - to determine the contour, shape and hardness of the front object, there is also an important role - the sense of smell, that is, by smelling the way to remember, the soft hair and holes on the surface contain odor absorption. Cells that help absorb odors. At the same time, when the ants walk, they secrete a chemical substance with a special odor, pheromone, from the abdomen and legs, leaving traces. Other ants will gradually gather on this path based on this information, but ants also like to innovate, they will also find shorter paths, so that the entire ant colony cooperates with each other through pheromones to form positive feedback. Let the ants on multiple paths gradually gather to the shortest path. However, recent research has also shown that if the scent navigation fails, the ant also has a positioning function called "ultraviolet navigation." It relies on the position of the sun and uses the sky to polarize light to navigate. Scientists have done similar experiments: ants in the desert, when they leave the nest, will bend forward to find food, but on the way back, they can return in a straight line. However, if the ants are brought with "colored glasses", it is found that ants will get lost in the sky light with wavelength >400nm; and in the sky with wavelength <400nm, the ants can quickly find the way home. The wavelength of ultraviolet light is 400 nm, so it shows that ants are navigated through ultraviolet light. It can be seen that the ants are using polarized ultraviolet light to navigate, and their eyes are natural polarized navigation devices. postscript Based on the behavior of ants finding paths in the process of finding food, Marco Dorigo proposed in his doctoral thesis in 1992 a probabilistic algorithm for finding optimized paths - ant algorithm or ant colony algorithm. His characteristics are: through positive feedback. Distributed collaboration to find the optimal path. It makes full use of the biological ant colony to search for the collective optimization characteristics from the nest to the shortest path between foods through simple information transmission between individuals. Based on the night flight of bats, scientists installed radar on the plane; experts invented the ant algorithm based on the way ants search for food. Nature is really a magical creator. It has created all kinds of things in the world. Each creature has its own skills. It closes a door for you and leaves a window for you. Are you curious about nature? Follow the ZEISS scanning electron microscope and explore it together~~ Green Screen,Key Chrome Green Screen,Portable Floor Green Screen,Chroma Key Green Screen Background Dongguan Aoxing Audio Visual Equipment CO.,Ltd , https://www.aoxing-alr.com
