IC card technology lecture 2 typical IC card application system
As shown in the figure, the IC card manufacturer provides blank cards in batches and writes the publisher code according to the publisher's requirements. As the developer of the IC card application system is equivalent to the publisher's role, it is necessary to order the applicable model from the manufacturer. IC card and reader. For this purpose, IC card specifications, printed text formats, patterns and photos should be provided to the manufacturer, which are produced by the manufacturer according to requirements. At present, there are dozens of IC card manufacturers in China, with an annual output of hundreds of millions. There are also dozens of IC card models, including memory cards, logic encryption cards and CPU cards. The various card structures vary greatly, performance and use are different, developers must carefully select and order according to the application objectives.
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The whole process of an IC card from manufacturing to destruction is the life cycle of the IC card. The life cycle of the IC card can be divided into four stages.
Manufacturing stage: completed by the IC card manufacturer, including the manufacture of integrated circuit chips, the chip is packaged into the plastic card base, and the pin is attached. The card can be printed with a pattern and explanatory text, and the card can also be responsible for the card holder photo. The IC card must also be written with the manufacturer's code in the chip before leaving the factory to identify different manufacturers. For the remote ordering publisher customer, the IC card can also be written with the shipping password. After the publisher receives it, verify the decryption. Use. This will prevent others from illegally intercepting the blank card and causing losses to the publisher.
Personalization stage: Personalization refers to the process in which an IC card issuer writes information on a card and then sends it to the cardholder. The information written includes: data used in a specific application system, such as an account number on a bank card. Storage balance; basic conditions of cardholders on the ID card, etc. In addition, for data security, it is also necessary to write the merchant code to distinguish it from other application systems, to prevent the cardholder from modifying the data on the card. The personal user password, which is reserved by the cardholder and verified by the user each time the IC card is read or written. Therefore, even if the IC card is lost, it will not cause any loss to the user.
Usage stage: After the IC card is personalized, the cardholder can read and write the IC card to each terminal reader in the entire application system, that is, pay the deposit and spend the card on the deposit. When using, the identity verification is required, that is, the user is typed. Password. At the same time, the application system also automatically verifies the issuer code and system erase and write password on the IC card. These passwords are stored in the system database, and the IC card can be read and written only if it is verified correctly.
Destruction stage: For card damage, expiration, cardholder change, etc., it should be recovered, destroyed or issued a new card. If the cardholder loses the IC card, it needs to be reissued. In the above cases, the data in the system database needs to be verified and modified. .
According to the above analysis, the organizational structure of an IC card application system is roughly as shown.
Developers need to design and build a central database of IC card application systems, which store system data and specific data for each cardholder. This is a must for any card basic application system. The card issuance station is responsible for issuing new cards, including Prescribe the format, initialize the new card, partition and write the partition password, write the original data. This station is also often used to add data and charges to the old card. The card issuing station is connected with the central database, and the central database is updated when the card is written. And the loss reporting workstation is used for settlement of daily business. At the same time, it can handle IC card loss reporting, loss and destruction of scrapping work. Obviously, it must also be connected with the central repository to update the data in the library.
The most in the system are online workstations and offline workstations, which are IC card readers frequently used by IC card users, such as ATM machines in the bank's financial service system (automatic teller machines), POS machines in commercial credit card systems. (Sale cash register). IC card is different from magnetic card. Workstation can work either online or offline. This greatly expands the application range of IC card. Online workstation and central database are connected to less need a microcomputer. When the user swipes the card, the data can be exchanged with the center at any time. The offline workstation is a simple card reader that can work independently, and records the data on the IC card when the card is swiped. The reader can also record the necessary data, using a dedicated IC. After the card is collected, enter the database through the online workstation.
According to this typical structure of the IC card application system, the main work of the developer includes: (1) designing and constructing an application system central database to classify storage and management of data managed by the application IC card. Since the database is generally established in a minicomputer or On the computer network server, the design is generally developed in the corresponding environment. (2) Planning and designing the storage format, reading and writing mode, encryption and security protection mode of the data on the IC card. These can be solved by the IC card reader and the microcomputer. Develop the system to complete. (3) Construct the IC card application environment, establish the network and read and write workstations. As the card issuing station and settlement station in the IC card system, you can use the minicomputer or microcomputer with online reader. The system design environment can be It is VB, FOXPOR, ACCESS and other software under WINDOWS. It generally uses the interface function provided by the reader manufacturer and the database software interface. The workstation used by the user can use PC and online reader, which requires user interface design. Provide a user-friendly interface. You can also use a portable offline workstation, usually composed of a single-chip system, with a liquid crystal display and a small keyboard. This read The user interface software is also required to develop a dedicated microcontroller in the system.
Therefore, the design of an IC card application system includes hardware configuration of each site, system networking, system database construction and management software programming, programming of each workstation user interface software, and data planning and initial partitioning and data writing on the IC card. Next, we will discuss the composition and use of common IC card development environments.