Determination of Pyrethroid Residues in Water by Solid Phase Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

A solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS) method was developed for the determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in water samples. The sample preparation involved enrichment using a C18 solid-phase extraction disc, followed by elution with a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (95:5, v/v). Separation was performed on a DB-5MS capillary column, with full scan mode used for qualitative analysis and selective ion monitoring (SIM) for quantitative determination. The method demonstrated good performance, successfully separating and quantifying six pyrethroid pesticides in water. The average recoveries ranged from 79.137% to 103.14%, with relative standard deviations between 5.166% and 13.12%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.0016–0.0055 μg/L when the sample was diluted 2500 times. Compared to the national standard method outlined in the 2001 edition of the "Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water," this approach uses less organic solvent and offers higher extraction efficiency, significantly improving both sensitivity and accuracy. It meets the pesticide residue standards set by China and even the European Union, making it a reliable and efficient analytical tool for monitoring pyrethroid levels in water bodies.

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