Domestication of salt-tolerant sludge by biochemical treatment of salty industrial wastewater and its mechanism

By comparing the acclimation process of activated sludge under high and low salt conditions, this study investigated the feasibility, characteristics, and biological mechanisms involved in the biochemical treatment of salt-tolerant sludge. The findings revealed that salt-tolerant sludge with high degradation capacity could be successfully cultivated by applying salt as a selective pressure. At a NaCl concentration of 45,000 mg/L and a volumetric loading rate of 1.6 kg CODCr/m³·d, the CODCr removal efficiency reached as high as 96.6%. Furthermore, the analysis of microbial community changes during the acclimation process showed that the number of salt-tolerant phenylacetic acid-degrading microorganisms increased significantly from 10⁹ cfu/gVSS to 10¹¹ cfu/gVSS within 15 days. This marked their transition into the dominant physiological group within the sludge, indicating a successful adaptation to high-salt environments. These results highlight the potential of using salt as a selective factor to enhance the performance of wastewater treatment systems under saline conditions.

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